T cells of the immune system include

The immune system actually has many different types of cells that work to protect the body. Each one specializes in a specific type of defense. Two types of cells called “Lymphocytes” have been linked directly to lupus: B-Cells , are involved with investigating and recognizing invaders (known as antigens).

CD, CD and plasma cells b. Crucially, it can distinguish our tissue from foreign tissue — self from non-self. Dead and faulty cells are also recognized and cleared away by the immune system.

B ) cytotoxic and helper cells. C) plasma , antigen-presenting,. Effector : These are relatively short-lived activated cells that defend the body during the immune response. T cells of the immune system include. Natural killer cells are cytotoxic cells of the innate immune system.

They detect virus-infected cells and kill them. Some of the main organs involved in the immune system include the spleen , lymph nodes , thymus , and bone marrow. Cells of the innate immune system prevent free growth of microorganisms within the body, but many pathogens have evolved mechanisms to evade it.

One strategy is intracellular replication, as practised by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, or wearing a protective capsule, which prevents lysis by complement and by phagocytes,. The bone marrow and thymus represent training grounds for two cells of the immune system (B- cells and T - cells , respectively). The development of all cells of the immune system begins in the bone marrow with a hematopoietic (blood-forming) stem cell ( Figure ). The white blood cells are a key component.

B cells produce billions of different antibodies, each having a unique amino acid sequence and a different binding site for antigens. These antibodies are called immunoglobulins, and are some of the most abundant proteins in the blood. Like dendritic cells , they present antigens to other cells of the immune system for identification and detruction. A chronic immune overreaction is known as an autoimmune disease.

The primary parts of the immune system include the bone marrow and thymus. The bone marrow is extremely important to the immune system because all the body’s blood cells (including T and B lymphocytes) originate in the bone marrow. The innate side, which responds quickly to tissue injury and infection, is made up of proteins found in the blood and cells. B lymphocytes remain in the marrow to mature, while T lymphocytes travel to the thymus. These cells are nuetrophils, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells , macrophages and dendritic cells.

They are important for cell mediated immunity and the activation of immune cells to fight infection. All cells of the immune system originate from a hematopoietic stem cell in the bone marrow, which gives rise to two major lineages, a myeloid progenitor cell and a lymphoid progenitor cell (Figure 4). Phagocytic Cells of The Immune System. Several types of cells in the immune system use phagocytosis to engulf microorganisms, some major ones include: Neutrophils– these are abundant in the blood and are dominant in acute inflammation.

Macrophages– these are closely related to monocytes in the blood.

Although the clinical manifestations of the various types of the disease are fairly uniform, they do have different causes. All are a result of the mutation in genes responsible for the production of T and B cells , which are key components of the adaptive immune system. Components of innate immunity include skin, stomach aci enzymes found in tears and skin oils, mucus and the cough reflex.